Analysis Method of Microstrip Antennas on Hemispherical Multilayer Structures

A generalized method for the analysis of microstrip antennas, which are placed on or embedded in hemispherical multilayer structures, is presented. By using corresponding full-wave equivalent circuits, the dyadic Green's functions of these structures and their system equations for the tangential field components at the interfaces can be analytically derived in a simple way. The numerical results are verified with commercial software codes. Some effects of the curvature and the ground plane on the input impedance of microstrip antennas are shown.