Non-data aided feedforward cyclostationary statistics based carrier frequency offset estimators for linear modulations

This paper proposes to analyze the performance of a family of non-data aided open-loop carrier frequency offset (FO) estimators for a linearly modulated signal transmitted through an unknown flat-fading (possibly frequency-selective) channel. The exact asymptotic (large sample) performance of these estimators is established and analyzed as a function of the received signal sampling frequency, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), timing delay, and number of samples (N). It is shown that in the presence of timing errors, the performance of the estimators can be improved by oversampling (fractionally sampling) the received signal and by taking into account the entire cyclostationary information that is present in the received sequence.