A rod antenna with a meander element for hand-held phone

This paper proposes a rod antenna with a meander element mounted on a hand-held phone. The quarter-wavelength meander element can improve the input impedance of a half-wavelength rod antenna. The reason for the improvement of the input impedance is that the total length of the antenna is three quarter-wavelengths. Also, the proposed antenna can realize a high gain in the horizontal plane. The reason for the high gain in this direction is that the meander element is optimized to radiate in the horizontal direction so as to add to the radiation from the antenna.