Data fusion in the transferable belief model

When Shafer introduced his theory of evidence based on the use of belief functions, he proposed a rule to combine belief functions induced by distinct pieces of evidence. Since then, theoretical justifications of this so-called Dempster's rule of combination have been produced and the meaning of distinctness has been assessed. The author presents practical applications where the fusion of uncertain data is well achieved by Dempster's rule of combination. It is essential that the meaning of the belief functions used to represent uncertainty be well fixed, as the adequacy of the rule depends strongly on a correct understanding of the context in which they are applied. Missing to distinguish between the upper and lower probabilities theory and the transferable belief model can lead to serious confusion, as Dempster's rule of combination is central in the transferable belief model whereas it hardly fits with the upper and lower probabilities theory.