A one-step finite element formulation for the modeling of single and double-circuit transmission lines

A method is presented, by which a finite element method (FEM) formulation is used for the direct computation of overhead transmission line series and sequence impedances. The method is applied in single and double circuit line configurations of arbitrary geometry, giving results in perfect agreement with those available from classical calculation methods. The new method can easily handle cases of nonhomogenous and/or irregular terrain, where classical methods may fail.