Green approaches without trade-off: Final results from the FAGI-project

A fundamental contribution to satisfying future demands in air transport like gain of capacity, reduction of environmental impact, improved flight efficiency and high predictability is often the term “4D”. However, having a look at today's fleet only one out of nine aircraft is currently able to, e.g., fulfill a requested time of arrival with high accuracy. Therefore, a successful transition to a 4D-trajectory based operations strongly depends on how especially the unequipped aircraft without an onboard flight management system fit into the concept. In 2007-2009, the FAGI (Future Air Ground Integration) project investigated a new concept facilitating the transition to 4D-trajectory based air traffic management operations.