I. Introduction
A Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) is an autonomous system of mobile nodes connected by wireless links. There is no static infrastructure such as base station as it is in cell mobile communication. In MANET, if two nodes are not within radio range, all message communication between them must pass through one or more intermediate nodes. All the nodes are free to move around randomly, which changes the dynamic changes of the network topology [1]–[6]. Routing protocols also maintain connectivity when linking on these paths break due to effects such as node movement, battery drainage, radio propagation, and wireless interference. The design of efficient and reliable routing protocols in such a network is a challenging issue [1]–[6].