I. Introduction
In clinical practice, dementia refers to a syndrome characterized by acquired cognitive deterioration that can be associated with several potential stages of the disease [1]. Two of the most common variations of dementia are the Alzheimer (AD) type and the Vascular Dementia (VD) type, and both can be associated with different anatomical affectation patterns, different risk factors, different diagnostic characteristics, and different neuropsychological test profiles [2]. AD is considered a prototypical form of cortical dementia, given the pronounced atrophy of the cerebral cortex [3]. The affectation of the medial temporal region and, specifically, the hipocampal and entorhinal cortex, seems to justify the typical memory difficulties found in AD patients. Neuropathological disorders take on an accumulation form of anomalous proteins (Beta amiloide and Tau) that are also a typical finding of this disease. On the other side VD can be the result of a heterogeneous group of disorders [4], such as ictus, cerebral hemorrhaging and Binswanger disease. For both types of dementia and for dementia in general, one of the most important risk factors is the ageing process. Today, it is estimated that there are 18 million people suffering from AD worldwide, and the disease affects 5% of 65-year olds and 30–50% of 85-year olds [5].