A Compact 23 GHz Hartley VCO in 0.13μm CMOS Technology

A 23 GHz balanced Hartley VCO is designed and manufactured in 0.13 mum COMS technology. In this VCO design, a pair of coupled inductors are employed to make the whole circuit compact. Its size is only 0.17 mm
²
. Very low phase noise, -108 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency, is measured and a wide tuning range of 13% is achieved. In addition, the VCO consumes only 5.7 mW dc power at 0.79 V supply voltage
^*
.