Optical hybrid processing utilizing photonic crystals incorporating biological materials

Tunable photonic crystal (PC) waveguides have been designed using plane-wave expansion calculations for application to photonic integrated circuits. Wavelength selective propagation has been observed in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) PC waveguides fabricated by electron-beam lithography and inductively coupled plasma etching. Incorporation of DNA into an SOI PC lattice has been demonstrated, and novel tunable PC devices using biophotonic materials have been considered.