I. Introduction
Major advances in creating cost-effective, energy-efficient, and versatile microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) over the past few years has significantly contributed to the vast amount of research and development projects related to the field of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and smart sensors. The sensor node is a very small device that represents the building blocks of the WSN. These nodes are being produced at a very low cost and yet with high levels of sophistication in terms of computing power, energy consumption savings, and multipurpose functionalities when compared with earlier generations of sensor nodes. WSNs are created by deploying a large number of sensor nodes in a certain area, which is usually called the monitored region, for monitoring purposes. These nodes are interconnected and are used together as a monitoring and reporting device to acquire specific types of data as desired by the application requirements [1]–[3], [19].