A Radio Frequency He- Source and a Source of Negative Ions by Cesium Sputtering

Two sources of negative ions are described. An rf source produces up to 14 μA beams of He- by charge exchange in Rb vapor. The other Source of Negative Ions by Cesium Sputtering (SNICS) produces a wide variety of negative ion beams in the μA range. Two important features of SNICS are its simple, compact construction and its very good beam emittance(2-4πmm mrad MeV½). Both sources have lifetimes >200 hours and they are used extensively on the Wisconsin EN tandem.