I. Introduction
The -band of the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum, ranging from 75 to 110 GHz, has been widely used for millimeter-wave weather radar systems, military targeting, and tracking interferometers and high data-rate wireless links. Its and segments have been allocated by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) for satellite services due to orbit congestion at lower frequencies [1]–[3]. Its unique capability to penetrate through fog, cloud, smoke, and dust enables its high potential for radar and imaging applications under poor visibility conditions [4]. Recent research in the 60-GHz wireless personal area network (WPAN) also motivates silicon-based -band communication system research due to its potential longer range (1–5 km) and higher data-rate capabilities, which are suitable for fiber replacement and backhaul applications [5].