I. Introduction
Smart grids represent one of the grand challenges at planetary level. The infusion of information technology throughout the electric grid creates new capabilities, with impact on environment, science and technology, economics, and lifestyle. The term “smart grid” outlines the evolution of electrical grids and a change of paradigm in the electric market organization and management. In a global perspective, implementation of smart grids on a large scale will result in dramatic improvement of electrical services and considerable market increase.