Seat Occupancy Detection Based on Capacitive Sensing

This paper presents a simple yet efficient seat occupancy detection scheme based on a capacitive sensing principle. Parameters such as the presence, position, and type of the occupant of the seat are essential for successful air-bag control in vehicles. Without this information, during a collision, the air bag may be inflated to an empty seat (ES), wasting it and, hence, leading to allied repair and reinstallation. Also, if deployed, it can cause fatal injuries to infants in rear-facing infant seats. The proposed capacitive sensor system detects the presence of an occupant and provides information about the occupant's position. A prototype occupancy detection system has been developed, and the feasibility of the new method has been validated through practical tests. The developed system takes 200 mus to complete a measurement and, hence, promises real-time operation of the air-bag system. The presented method employs a carrier-frequency method and lock-in-amplifier technique to measure the capacitances. Thus, the influence of external electromagnetic fields on the final result is kept low.