Contents I. Introduction
Electric field probes that can measure electric field strength with an uncertainty of about 1 dB are widely used as a primary standard for electromagnetic compatibility compliance testing of electronic equipment. Generally, dipole-type probes are used, and studies about these probes and their accuracy have been reported [1], [2]. To generate a reference field, two kinds of method are generally used: One is a calibration method using the calculated field strength, and the other is that using a transfer standard.
Calculable field method: The reference field strength of a field-generating device is calculated based on its geometrical dimensions or the parameters of the field source. This method uses transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cells [3] or standard antennas in a fully anechoic chamber [4] to generate a reference field. This method has also been used as a national standard for electric field strength for its low uncertainty.
Transfer standard method: The reference field strength of a field-generating device is measured using a transfer standard (reference probe) [5], [6]. The reference probe needs to be calibrated with low uncertainty using calculable methods. A gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM) cell is used as a field generation device because of its wideband characteristics.
