Programmable 1 V dc voltage standard

We have developed a Josephson voltage standard that produces intrinsically stable voltages that are programmable from -1.1 to +1.1 V. The standard uses a binary array sequence of 32 768 SNS (superconductor-normal-superconductor) Josephson junctions. The output can source or sink up to 2 mA and thus has high noise immunity.