Energy storage system in electric vehicle

A growing awareness of environmental protection and energy conservation are forcing the development of electric vehicle technology. Electricity is more than just another means of powering the vehicle. The EV requires an energy storing system which is one of the concerns of today's EV technology. Batteries are the energy storage means for EVs. Specific energy and specific power of electrochemical batteries are generally much smaller than those of gasoline. A large number of batteries are required to assure a desired level of performance, which leads to an increase in the vehicle weight, cost and the degradation of vehicle performance. This paper discusses the battery technology for the electrical vehicles in which discussions are made on the set of criteria including specific energy, specific power, energy efficiency, charging rate, cycle life, operating environment, cost, recycling and safety. Various advanced batteries recommended for EV systems, have been discussed in this paper which gives a clear concept and idea of selection of batteries and associated circuits. A number of charging schemes like home charge, regenerative charge, solar charge, park and charge etc. have also been discussed.