Utilizing permanent magnets in nonlinear three-dimensional finite element models

A method for modeling three-dimensional permanent magnetization is presented. It permits straightforward finite-element analysis of permanent magnets of any shape and with nonuniform nonlinear magnetization. The method is shown to give correct results for a uniformly magnetized cubic magnet. It is then applied to a nonuniformly magnetized magnet in a device made of highly three-dimensional shapes. The results show that an accurate representation of the magnetic field can be obtained.<
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